نویسندگان:
وحید احمدی1 ، حدیث ولی زاده2 .1گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران
2گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران
چکیده فارسی: سالمندی پدیده‌ای جهانی است که در آینده نزدیک به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های اجتماعی و رفاهی کشورهای در حال توسعه مطرح خواهد گردید و سعی در رفع مشکلات سالمندان از جمله مشکلات روانی‌شان ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر کیفیت زندگی و اضطراب مرگ سالمندان شهرکرمانشاه انجام شد. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه سالمندان شهر کرمانشاه در سال 1399 بودند. حجم نمونه پژوهش شامل 30 نفر از سالمندان (60 تا 70 سال) بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس و با توجه به ملاک‌های ورود و خروج مطالعه انتخاب شدند. گروه آزمایش مداخله آموزشی را 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای (هر هفته دو جلسه) دریافت نمودند و گروه کنترل در لیست انتظار برای آموزش قرار گرفت. ابزار مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌های کیفیت زندگی سازمان جهانی بهداشت و اضطراب مرگ کالت-لستر بودند. داده‌ها با روش تحلیل کوواریانس تک‌متغیری در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 25 تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که گروه آزمایش از نظر هر دو متغیر کیفیت زندگی و اضطراب مرگ تفاوت معنی‌داری با گروه کنترل داشتند. به عبارت دیگر، درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد باعث بهبود کیفیت زندگی و کاهش اضطراب مرگ در سالمندان شد (05/0>P). با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، درمانگران و متخصصان مرتبط با سلامت می‌توانند از روش درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد برای مداخله‌های مرتبط با سلامت به ویژه برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی و کاهش اضطراب مرگ در سالمندان استفاده نمایند.
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment-Based Therapy on the Quality of Life and Death Anxiety in the Elderly
English Abstract: Aging appears to be a global phenomenon that will be considered as one of the most important social and welfare challenges in developing countries in the near future, and it seems necessary to try to solve the problems of the elderly, namely their psychological problems. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy (ACT) on the quality of life and death anxiety in the elderly living in Kermanshah, Iran. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Kermanshah in 2020. The sample size included 30 aged people (60 to 70 years old) selected by convenience sampling method and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The experimental group received ten 90-minute sessions of ACT, twice a week, and the control group assigned to a waiting list for the treatment. The measures used in this study included the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire and Cult-Leicester’s Death Anxiety Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-25. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of both quality of life and death anxiety. In other words, ACT caused an improvement in quality of life and a reduction in death anxiety in the elderly (p < 0.05). Given the results of the present study, therapists and health-related practitioners can take advantages of ACT in conducting health-related interventions, particularly in order to improve the quality of life and to reduce the death anxiety in the elderly. References Abbasi, M., Khazan, K., Pirani, Z., & Ghasemi Jobneh, R. (2016). The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on veterans' cognitive-emotional functions. Journal of Veteran Medicine, 4 (8), 203-208. 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